The majority of patients with autoimmune encephalitis present with psychosis as an initial symptom, and it sometimes lasts for their entire disease course. Treatments for the immunological disorder are important to ameliorate their symptom at an early stage. One of the promising diagnostic tools is the detection of autoantibodies against neuronal synaptic or cell-surface receptor proteins in cerebrospinal fluid using a cell-based assay. Another important aspect for the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis is the presence of soft neurological symptoms such as autonomic dysfunction, characteristic involuntary movements, seizures, memory disturbance, and respiratory disorder, even if they are very mild.
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