The new 2 year compulsory residency training program,which includes rotation to each department and requires 1 month of psychiatric training for all residents,started in April 2004 in Japan. In August to September belonging 2008, we conducted an attitude survey of psychiatrists with 10 or fewer years of experience to 15 institutions to clarify the problems and present condition of primary psychiatric training.Psychiatrists（92%）who experienced the new residency program were satisfied with it, and 41% decided to become a psychiatrist after the primary psychiatric training. We compared the training periods and training institutions. Psychiatrists who experienced training for 3 months or more rate themselves higher with regard to pharmacotherapy, and those who underwent training in private psychiatric hospitals rate themselves higher with regard to their understanding of psychiatric disorders. It was suggested that the introduction of primary psychiatric training has promoted motivation to become a psychiatrist and that the length of the training period and type of institution lead to differences in the acquisition of psychiatric skills. Psychiatrists who train residents thought that the skill that residents most needed to acquire was intervention for suicidal patients, but, for residents, this was the least useful item in their training. It was suggested that, in the current situation, there is an insufficient acquisition of learning items. In 2010, psychiatric rotation will change from a required to an elective subject, but residents will still have the opportunity to select it. We need to consider how to devise a shortterm but effective primary psychiatric training program in which residents can acquire the basics of primary care psychiatry.