Epilepsy should be treated by first identifying the seizure types, making a differential diagnosis,(e. g. convulsive syncope), and then classifying the epilepsy type. If diagnosis is challenging, to avoid misdiagnosis or needless medication, consultation with an epileptologist and video EEG monitoring may be considered. New clinical epilepsy guidelines published by the Japan Neurological Society provided insight into pharmacological treatments based on seizure types and patient characteristics. Newer antiepileptic drugs have broadened the treatment options and allow for customized treatments for each patient. The effectiveness of treatment should be carefully observed with sufficient attention given to social stigma.
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