In recent years, many medical researchers have benefited from financial support provided by pharmaceutical and medical device companies. However, these interactions have raised concerns about a conflict of interest (COI) because researchers have obligations to the companies that provide financial support, as well as professional obligations. In May 2011, the Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology (JSPN) requested that its members perform all society-related activities, including the publication of papers, in accordance with its COI guidelines. More than six years have passed since this request, but the members still remain in doubt and continue to state that "overall, I do not know how to declare a COI." The aim of this report was to improve the members' understanding of the JSPN's COI regulations regarding presentations at academic conferences and publication in Psychiatria et Neurologia Japonica by providing an explanatory outline of the COI regulations and introducing eight case studies using virtual examples.
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