Diagnostic and treatment guidelines for childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were first released in Japan in 2003. Since then, there has been numerous changes in how ADHD is treated, such as the approval of slow-release methylphenidate and atomoxetine for use from childhood to adulthood. Demand regarding adult ADHD has also risen, as the symptoms of ADHD can persist into adulthood, and due to problems with high prevalence rates and comorbidities. Moreover, the DSM-5 recognized the coexistence of ADHD and autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), which further raised the level of concern. Yet at present, treatment guidelines have not been established for ASD with ADHD symptoms, so it is hoped such guidelines will be created quickly. This article provides a brief summary of recent findings on pharmacological therapy for ASD with ADHD symptoms.
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