In 2015, five years after the Great East Japan Earthquake, a longitudinal study and support for children born after the Great East Japan Earthquake and their families (MICHINOKU CHILDREN'S COHORT) was begun in the severely affected areas of Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures. We will continue a 12-year longitudinal follow-up study and support and interventions for high-risk children in order to understand the condition of children and their parents (223 pairs of participants) who were born during the chaotic period after the disaster, to evaluate how they changed when viewed from various perspectives, and to identify the necessary and effective support. In the baseline survey, we found that maternal mental health problems remain severe, and that there is an association between delayed child vocabulary development (PVT-R) and prolonged behavioral and emotional problems (CBCL), as well as problems in children's intellectual, cognitive, and vocabulary development, and the severity of maternal mental health status. In the follow-up study (WISC-IV), there was a significant improvement in the development of children's intelligence (WPPSI), which was of concern at baseline with an average delay of-1 SD. The second follow-up study in 2017 showed signs of improvement in maternal mental health problems. The factors behind these phenomena probably include the recovery of community, the effectiveness of support and interventions, and child resilience.
 Authors' abstract