Neuropathological diagnosis remains the gold standard for neuropsychiatric disorders. Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, dementia with grains, Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple system atrophy, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are classified according to the disease-specific inclusions associated with the aggregation of disease-specific proteins. These disorders are encompassed as proteinopathies, presenting characteristic neuronal and glial inclusions consisting of abnormally aggregated insoluble proteins, which are soluble under normal physiological conditions. The neuropathological background is found not only in focal neurological symptoms, but also in psychiatric symptoms, such as hallucination, delusion, mood disorders, or behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia under some conditions. Therefore, to elucidate the pathophysiology and develop effective treatment, it is important to accumulate cases with accurate clinical information with definite pathological diagnosis.
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