Since the year 2016, the 5-year project "Establishment of JAPAN Brain Bank Network" has been conducted under the guidance of AMED (Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development). This project aims to provide brain resources to brain science researchers investigating the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases. Previously, many Japanese brain researchers were dependent on American or European brain banks for their biological psychiatry studies. To ensure the quality and novelty of Japanese research, it is necessary to break away from this dependency on foreign brain banks. It is essential to have an autonomous brain bank for freely accessible brain resources. Studies on the pathogenesis of mental illness have been investigating brain histopathology since the era of Kraepelin or Alzheimer in psychiatric research, and they discovered the entities of Alzheimer disease, Pick's disease, and Lewy body disease. Since that time, histopathological investigation in psychiatry has declined because of the rapid and transformative progress of genomic and neuroimaging studies in research on mental illness. Nowadays, those genomic and neuroimaging studies are seeking to reaffirm the importance of access to brain tissue based on the convergence of their results. With this background of psychiatric brain research, the project of the Establishment of Japanese Brain Bank was started to promote the progress of Japanese biological psychiatric research into mental illness. The success of this project will depend on the research minds of clinical psychiatrists. In this article, I discuss hopes and dreams regarding the Japanese psychiatric brain bank.
 <Author's abstract>