In this report, we discuss the current status and issues regarding collaboration and dialogue between psychiatry and psychology from the perspective of the juvenile justice system following the establishment of the system for licensed psychologists. In Japan, the juvenile justice system is based on the Juvenile Act, which emphasizes two perspectives of protection and education. These are key words in the juvenile justice system, and it differs from the justice system for adults, which aims at investigating the truth and punishing the offender. In order to appropriately protect and educate the juvenile delinquent, collaboration and dialogue involving psychiatry and psychology is essential.
 Collaboration and dialogue between psychiatry and psychology is practiced in the context of the juvenile justice system in the following situations: 1) by psychology officers at the youth fosterage division, commission doctors at the police station or psychiatrists at the local medical facilities, 2) by child psychologists and psychiatrists at child guidance centers, 3) upon psychiatric assessment by the prosecutor or at the court, 4) by research officers or the judge and psychiatrists at family court, 5) psychologists and psychiatric officers at juvenile classification homes, 6) law instructors, psychological technical officers and psychiatric officers at correctional institutions, and 7) probation officers and local psychiatrists in the context of probation. Juvenile delinquents and criminals are perpetrators, but they are often victims themselves as well, and they often harbor a sense of mistrust due to the harm done to them during their childhood. Those who provide support need to deal with the harm the juvenile has inflicted onto others and the harm they have felt in order to help them overcome their mistrust and establish good therapeutic relationships. However, it requires a delicate balance to deal with the two types of harm mentioned above, and it is only possible through precise and accurate assessment. Less-than-adequate assessment leads to improper support. A holistic approach can be effective for assessment and subsequent support, but it calls for collaboration and dialogue between different professions and facilities, including psychiatry and psychology.
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