The confusion regarding the system of classification and diagnosis of depressive syndrome must be promptly addressed. One issue is to discriminate between antidepressant‒effective and ‒resistant depression. Another is to diagnose depressive disorders even if depression is mild. It is important as an immediate response to appropriately use DSM and ICD and the treatment guideline of the Japanese Society of Mood disorders.
 The system of dimensional classifications and diagnoses of depressive syndrome, including the axes of symptoms, social backgroud, and social function, should be more fully utilized in psychiatry. It may be possible to modify it according to associated areas such as occupational mental health, liaison psychiatry, and suicide prevention.